Route nationale française 49

Route nationale 49
Plaque de cocher visible à Givet© François Malard
Localisation
Pays	France
Régions	Hauts-de-France, Grand Est
Exploitation
Gestionnaire	DIR Nord
Caractéristiques de 1824 à 1843
Itinéraire	Jenlain -
Longueur	45 km
Caractéristiques de 1843 à 1973
Itinéraire	Jenlain - - Givet -
Longueur	50 km (hors tronc en Belgique)
Caractéristiques de 1973 à 1982
Itinéraire	Lille - Valenciennes - Jeumont -
Longueur	110 km
Caractéristiques de 1982 à 2006
Itinéraire	Valenciennes - Jeumont -
Longueur	45 km
Caractéristiques actuelles
Itinéraire	Maubeuge (Liaison du Contournement Ouest - RN2)
Longueur	2,5 km

Présentation

• La route nationale 49, ou RN49, est une route nationale française qui reliait Valenciennes à Maubeuge puis à la frontière Belge.

Historique

Plaque Dunlop

Généralités

• A sa création en 1824, elle est décrite comme étant la route de Valenciennes à Maubeuge et à Philippeville. Elle s'embranche à Jalin, sur la route n° 45, de Marle à Valenciennes. Elle succède alors à la Route impériale 52.
• Le 16 août 1843, une lettre du sous-secrétaire d’État aux travaux publics reconnaît l'existence d'une erreur dans le classement de 1824. En effet, la courte section desservant Givet après un long passage en Belgique qui faisait initialement partie de la route impériale 52 n'était pas mentionnée dans la nouvelle nomenclature alors qu'elle devait logiquement rester classée dans la voirie nationale. Dès cette date, on rend à la RN49 la partie desservant Givet et la route est prolongée au-delà de Philippeville dans la partie belge. Elle devient route de Valenciennes à Luxembourg.
• En 1933, on lui adjoint une annexe, la N49^A.
• En 1973 est déclassé le court tronçon ardennais (renuméroté en D949) tandis qu'en 1978 est classée la nouvelle voie express à l'Est de Maubeuge en remplacement de l'ancien tracé situé plus au Sud (renuméroté en D936).
• A l'ouest, en 1978, la RN49 fut prolongée jusqu'à Lille en récupérant divers tronçons appartenant auparavant à d'autres routes : la RN25 de Lille à Seclin, la RN353 entre Seclin et Nouveau-Jeu, la nouvelle liaison en direction de Raismes constituée par les RN353^A et RN353^B et enfin un tronçon de la RN45 jusqu'à Valenciennes et Jenlain.
• Elle devient ainsi la route de Lille, A. 25, à la frontière belge, à Jeumont.
• Cependant, l'achèvement de l'A23 au début des années 1980, longeant ou se substituant à l'ancienne RN entre Orchies et Valenciennes entraîna le déclassement rapide de ce tronçon nouvellement créé, en D549 et D953 ! Depuis le 1^er janvier 2017, l'exploitation de cette dernière section est assurée par la Métropole européenne de Lille entre Lille et Seclin. En conséquence, elle devenue une route métropolitaine sous l'appellation M549, les cartouches ayant été changés sur le terrain en 2018.
• De même, l'établissement progressif de la voie express entre Valenciennes et Maubeuge fut suivie du déclassement de l'ancienne route qui traversait les agglomérations sur le parcours.
• La réforme de 2005 retrancha presque complètement cet axe du réseau routier national.
• Aujourd'hui, seul un tronçon de quelques kilomètres subsiste afin de relier les deux tronçons de la RN2 à hauteur de Maubeuge, en attendant la concrétisation du projet de contournement Nord-Ouest.

Construction

• Rectification des rampes de Saint-Waast : 1862.
• Section Belgique (côté Ouest) - Givet : 1845 (parachèvement en 1846).
• Section Givet - Belgique (côté Est) : 1859.

Aménagements

• Déviation d'Auchy-lez-Orchies : 1960 (en tant que RN353).
• Créneau de dépassement à la hauteur de Wargnies : novembre 1973.
• Aménagement en voie express entre Valenciennes, Bavay, Maubeuge et la Belgique : voir ci-dessous.
• Déviation courte de Bavay : années 1930.
• Déviation de La Longeville : 1964.
• Elargissement à 4 voies entre La Longeville et Maubeuge : 1972.
• Reconstruction du Pont sur la Meuse à Givet : 1969.

Futur

• Mise en voie express :
  • Section La Longueville - Feignies
  • Section Feignies - Rousies (Rocade nord de Maubeuge)

• Transformation du rond point de Jeumont en échangeur et remise à 2x2 voies au niveau de la frontière.

Tracés historiques

Chargement de la carte...

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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMaubeuge\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Maubeuge\n","link":"","lat":50.28023499999999756937540951184928417205810546875,"lon":3.923277999999999821056917426176369190216064453125,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMaubeuge\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Maubeuge\n","link":"","lat":50.2825940000000031204763217829167842864990234375,"lon":3.974733000000000071594286055187694728374481201171875,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EValenciennes, A2\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Valenciennes, A2\n","link":"","lat":50.3411880000000024892869987525045871734619140625,"lon":3.486613999999999879975121075403876602649688720703125,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELille, A25\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Lille, 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Légende de la carte
En bleu	Tracé absorbé par l'A23
En rouge	Tracé actuel.
En orange	Tracé déclassé en 2006.
En jaune	Tracé déclassé en 1973, et sections déclassées localement lors de l'ouverture de la voie express.
En vert	Tracé ajouté en 1978 et déclassé depuis l'ouverture de l'A23.
En bleu ciel	Tracé ajouté en 1978, issu de la RN45, et déclassé lors de la mise en service de la voie express.
En violet	Tracé belge reliant les 2 portions de l'ex-RN49 et tronc commun avec l'ex-RN2 à Maubeuge.
Pour plus d'informations sur les sources cartographiques, consulter cet article.
La carte ne s'affiche pas ? Merci d'éditer l'article et de le sauvegarder sans aucune modification.

De Lille à Valenciennes (entre 1973 et 1982)

• Nord (59) / Métropole européenne de Lille - M549
  •  A25   2 
  • M146 M147 M617 M651 M670 M749 M750 M751 M917 M933 M941 M949 Lille Nombreux Monuments
  • Wattigines M147^F
  • Seclin Église Saint-Piat, Fort M925 M952
  •  A1   19 

• Nord (59) - D549
  • Avelin
  • Pont-à-Marcq D917
  • Cappelle-en-Pévèle D942
  • La Coquerie
  • Auchy-les-Orchies D954

• Nord (59) - D953
  • Orchies Musée de la Chicorée  A23   2  D938 D953
  • Beuvry-la-Forêt
  • Sars-et-Rosières Château du Loir
  • L'Alène-d'Or  A23   3 
  • Nouveau-Jeu D955
  • Millonfosse
  • La Scarpe
  • Hasnon D955

• Nord (59) - A23
  • Raismes D169^A
  • Petite-Forêt
  • Valenciennes Hôtel de Ville
  • La Sentinelle A2 D630

De Jenlain à Maubeuge (avant la mise en voie express)

Borne kilométrique située à Maubeuge © Nicolas2301

• Nord (59) - D936
  • Jenlain D934
• Nord (59) - D2649
  • Wargnies-le-Grand
  • Wargnies-le-Petit
  • La Boiscrête
  • Saint-Waast D2649
  • Bavay Forum Gallo-Romain, Colonne Brunehaut D932 D942 D2649
• Nord (59) - D95
  • La Longueville
• Nord (59) - D649
  • Les Mottes
  • Feignies
• Nord (59) - N49
  • Douzies N2
  • Maubeuge La Sambre Fortifications, Nombreux Monuments N2 D602 D902 D959

De Maubeuge à La frontière Belge (avant 1973)

La RN49 historique, au niveau de la frontière Belge, non loin de Cousolre. ©Nicolas2301

• Nord (59) - D936
  • Ferrière-la-Grande La Solre
  • Cerfontaine
  • La Carotterie
  • Colleret
  • Les Quatre-Bras D963
  • Cousolre
  • Marcignies
• Belgique - N598
  • Leugnies
  •   N596
  • Pont du Prince N53

Traversée des Ardennes (avant 1973)

• Belgique - N40
  • Beaumont La Hantes N40 N53
  • Barbençon
  • Boussu-lez-Walcourt
  • Silenrieux L'Eau N978
  • N5
  • Philippeville Château N97
  • Villers-le-Gambon
  • L'Hermeton
  • Petit-Doische N908
• Ardennes (08) - D949
  • Givet La Meuse Fort D8051
• Belgique - N40

Voie express

Historique

Déclarations d'utilité publique

• 13 11 1967 : Section Curgies - Jenlain
• 21 07 1969 : Section Maubeuge - Marpent

Mises en service

• xx xx 1970 : Section Curgies - Jenlain
• xx xx 1975 : Section Valenciennes - Curgies
• xx xx 1977 : Section Maubeuge - Marpent
• xx xx 1989 : Section Marpent - Frontière Belge
• 02 06 1990 : Section Saint-Waast-la-Vallée - Bavay
• xx xx 1997 : Section Bavay - La Longueville
• 05 07 2001 : Section Jenlain - Saint-Waast-la-Vallée

Itinéraire

Echangeur avec la D154 au niveau de St-Waast-la-Vallée. ©France-Autoroutes.

• Voie express à 2x2 voies de l'A2 à La Longueville.
  •  A2   22a 
  •  D649
  •   D659  D659 A2(Bruxelles), Curgies, Saultain
  •   D934  D934 Le Quesnoy, Avesnes-Sur-Helpe, Laon
  •   D129  Roisin, Wargnies-Le-Grand, Jenlain
  •   D154  D2649 La-Flamengries, Gommegnies, Wargnies-Le-Petit
  • Hauteur limitée à 4,3m
  •   D524  D2649 Houdain-Lez-Bavay, Bellignies, St-Waast-La-Vallée
  •   D932  D932 D2649 Bavay, Taisnières-Sur-Hon
  • Fin de hauteur limitée
  •   D117  D2649 La Longueville, Feignies
  •  D649

Le dernier tronçon appartenant encore à la RN49, à l'entrée de Maubeuge © radars-auto.com / trntrain

• 2x2 voies de La Longueville à Maubeuge : en projet de voie express.
  • La Longueville
  •    Feignies centre / Hautmont
  • Feignies
  •   N2 Contournement Ouest de Maubeuge : Louvroil / Avesnes-sur-Helpe / Laon
  • Maubeuge
  •   et  N2  : Mairieux / Mons / Bruxelles
  •  Court tronc commun avec la D602.
  •   D602 : Maubeuge centre / Louvroil

• 2x2 voies classée voie express de Maubeuge à la Belgique. Elle est cependant "interrompue" au niveau de la frontière par un giratoire.
  •  D649
  •   D236  Rousies
  •   D959  Assevent D959
  •   D359  Boussois / Aéroport de La Salmagne
  •   D159  Marpent
  •   D959  Jeumont D959
  •  D649
  •   Jeumont
  •  D649
  •  D649
• Belgique - N54a

Pictogrammes utilisés dans la description
	Sortie d'une voie non autoroutière.		Rocade / Périphérique.
	Sortie d'une autoroute à péage en service.		Pont.
	Sortie d'une autoroute gratuite en service.		Tunnel.
	Sortie en construction.		Aire de repos.
	Sortie fermée.		Aire de service.
	Échangeur entre 2 voies non autoroutières.		Radar automatique.
	Échangeur entre 2 autoroutes à péage en service.		Gare.
	Échangeur entre 2 autoroutes gratuites en service.		Aéroport.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute à péage en service et une autoroute gratuite en service.		Col.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute à péage en service et une autoroute en construction.		Vitesse maximale autorisée.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute gratuite et une autoroute en construction.		Pente dangereuse.
	Début d'une autoroute.		Route à double sens.
	Fin d'une autoroute.		Feux tricolores.
	Début d'une voie express.		Carrefour giratoire.
	Fin d'une voie express.		Route prioritaire.
	Créneau de dépassement à 2x2 voies hors voie express.		Route prioritaire ponctuellement.
	Créneau de dépassement à 3 voies.		Limites de départements et/ou de régions.

Sites Sara

•  [Saratlas] La D649 (59) sur Saratlas

•  [France Autoroutes] Photos de la RN49 entre Valenciennes et La Longueville sur France Autoroutes

•  [Autorout.free.fr] Panneaux directionnels de la RN49 entre Valenciennes et La Longueville

•  [Forum Sara] Fil du Forum Sara sur la RN49

Liens externes

• Site sur l'inauguration de la voie express entre Jenlain et St Waast-la-Vallée