Autoroute française A55

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Autoroute A55 (Homonymie). 

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Autoroute A55
Le Viaduc de Caronte.© France Autoroutes
Localisation
Pays	France
Région	Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Exploitation
Concessionnaire	ASF ()
Gestionnaire	DIR Méditerranée
Caractéristiques
Nom	Autoroute du Littoral
Itinéraire	Tunnel de la Joliette - N568 (Marseille - Martigues)
Longueur	38 km
Historique
Première ouverture	1972
Dernière ouverture	1988

Présentation

• L'autoroute A55, ou A55, est une autoroute française reliant Marseille à Martigues.
• Elle serpente le long de la Mer Méditerranée entre ces deux villes. Son point de départ est à Marseille au nord du viaduc de Storione (depuis la sortie du Tunnel de la Major - chaussée est) et du viaduc de la Joliette (vers l'entrée du Tunnel de la Joliette - chaussée ouest) et se termine à l'ouest de Martigues en se raccordant sur la N568 qui se poursuit à 2x2 voies (pas intégralement dénivelée) vers Arles et Nîmes (A54).
• Elle permet, en particulier, de desservir la Zone Industrialo-Portuaire (ZIP) de Fos-sur-Mer.
• L'A55 n'est pas concédée et est gérée par la DIR Méditerranée.

Localisation

Chargement de la carte...

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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA55 sens Nord - Sud\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"A55 sens Nord - Sud\n","link":"","strokeColor":"#0000FF","strokeOpacity":"1","strokeWeight":"3","pos":[{"lat":43.316795,"lon":5.36437},{"lat":43.316361,"lon":5.364662},{"lat":43.316102,"lon":5.36482},{"lat":43.315483,"lon":5.365169},{"lat":43.315153,"lon":5.365314},{"lat":43.314837,"lon":5.365448},{"lat":43.314297,"lon":5.365673},{"lat":43.314013,"lon":5.365814},{"lat":43.313653,"lon":5.366018},{"lat":43.312376,"lon":5.366816},{"lat":43.31197,"lon":5.367036},{"lat":43.311689,"lon":5.367132},{"lat":43.3114,"lon":5.367191},{"lat":43.311276,"lon":5.367197}]},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EA55 sens Sud - Nord\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"A55 sens Sud - Nord\n","link":"","strokeColor":"#0000FF","strokeOpacity":"1","strokeWeight":"3","pos":[{"lat":43.316795,"lon":5.36437},{"lat":43.316164,"lon":5.364909},{"lat":43.31568,"lon":5.365389},{"lat":43.315425,"lon":5.36577},{"lat":43.315185,"lon":5.366148},{"lat":43.314878,"lon":5.366615},{"lat":43.314656,"lon":5.366899},{"lat":43.314379,"lon":5.367157},{"lat":43.314064,"lon":5.367371},{"lat":43.31361,"lon":5.367615},{"lat":43.313139,"lon":5.367862},{"lat":43.31261,"lon":5.368133}]}],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"visitedicon":"","wmsoverlay":false,"zoom":11,"layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","streetview","type","scale"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"resizable":false,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"cluster":false,"clustergridsize":60,"clustermaxzoom":20,"clusterzoomonclick":true,"clusteraveragecenter":true,"clusterminsize":2,"imageoverlays":[],"kml":[],"gkml":[],"searchmarkers":"","fullscreen":false,"scrollwheelzoom":false,"locations":[{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFos-sur-Mer\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Fos-sur-Mer\n","link":"","lat":43.428427,"lon":4.960971,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ED\u00e9but (provisoire\u0026#160;?) de l'A55 sur la voie express \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Route_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise_568\" title=\"Route nationale fran\u00e7aise 568\"\u003ERN568\u003C/a\u003E \u00e0 Martigues.\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"D\u00e9but (provisoire\u0026#160;?) de l'A55 sur la voie express RN568 \u00e0 Martigues.\n","link":"","lat":43.411657,"lon":5.027812,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFin de l'A55 \u00e0 Marseille (\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Autoroute_fran%C3%A7aise_A55_(Ancien_tron%C3%A7on)\" title=\"Autoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)\"\u003EAutoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)\u003C/a\u003E).\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Fin de l'A55 \u00e0 Marseille (Autoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)).\n","link":"","lat":43.311276,"lon":5.367197,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFin de l'A55 \u00e0 Marseille (\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Autoroute_fran%C3%A7aise_A55_(Ancien_tron%C3%A7on)\" title=\"Autoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)\"\u003EAutoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)\u003C/a\u003E).\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Fin de l'A55 \u00e0 Marseille (Autoroute fran\u00e7aise A55 (Ancien tron\u00e7on)).\n","link":"","lat":43.31261,"lon":5.368133,"icon":""}]}

Légende de la carte ou du tableau
En bleu	Tracé actuel.
En bleu clair	Autoroute en projet.
Pour plus d'informations sur les sources cartographiques, consulter cet article.
La carte ne s'affiche pas ? Merci d'éditer l'article et de le sauvegarder sans aucune modification.

Description du tracé

• Historiquement, l'A55 démarrait au centre-ville de Marseille à proximité du Vieux-Port. Dans le cadre de l'opération urbaine Euroméditerrannée, cette section terminale de 1 500 mètres en viaducs ouverte en 1974-1976 a été déclassée en 2007 et démolie. En parallèle, une série de tunnels ont été construits ou prolongés pour restituer les mêmes fonctionnalités sous les emprises de cette ancienne autoroute. Ainsi, ont été construits :
  • dans le sens Nord - Sud : le Tunnel de la Joliette
  • dans le sens Sud - Nord : le Tunnel de la Major et le viaduc de Storione, qui permet la jonction entre ce tunnel et l'A55 en viaduc.

Voir l'article : Autoroute française A55 (Ancien tronçon).

• La continuité Est-Ouest par voie rapide entre l'A55 et l'A50 est assurée par les tunnels de la Joliette / de la Major, prolongés par le Tunnel du Vieux-Port puis par Tunnel Prado-Carénage. Ce dernier est à péage.
• L'A55 actuelle démarre ainsi au nord de l'agglomération de Marseille par le prolongement direct des ouvrages pré-cités. Elle longe en viaduc l'ensemble portuaire de la Joliette puis de l'Estaque. C'est là que se développe l'activité maritime de Marseille depuis près de 150 ans.

L'autoroute A55 peu après le viaduc de Martigues. © G.E.

• L'A55 longe le quartier de la Cabucelle qui a vu naître Yves Montand et passe au Nord de l'Estaque, village des peintres. Elle tangente l'entrée Sud du Tunnel de Marseille qui marque la fin de la LGV Méditerranée.
• Vient ensuite le franchissement du Massif de l'Estaque par le tunnel des Treize-Vents, massif qui sera longé sur sa face Nord jusqu'à Port-de-Bouc. L'A55 côtoie l'A7 par un immense échangeur de forme non-standard.
• Entre Marignane et Martigues, l'A55 longe l'Étang de Berre et ses multiples raffineries. Elle franchit l'antique détroit de Caronte à l'Est de la voie ferrée par un viaduc remarquable.
• Après Martigues, l'A55 devient RN568 et s'enfonce dans Port-de-Bouc qui sera dévié au cours de la prochaine décennie.

Autour de l'autoroute

Région

• Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

Département

• Bouches-du-Rhône (13)

Métropole

• Métropole d'Aix-Marseille-Provence

Sites naturels

À compléter

Sites touristiques

À compléter

Historique

Voir l'article : Autoroute française A55 (Historique).

Futur

Voir l'article : Autoroute française A55 (Projet).

Itinéraire

Fin de l'A55 à son entrée dans le périmètre "Euroméditerranée".
© Padawan53

Fin de l'A55 à Port-de-Bouc.
© Padawan53

• De l'ancien tronçon à la fin de l'autoroute ; section gratuite non concédée gérée par la DIR Méditerranée.
  •  A55
    •  Viaduc de la Joliette
  •   Échangeur entre A557 et A7 (quart-échangeur)
    •  Viaduc Arenc - Cap Pinède
  •   3  (La Cabucelle) D5 (13) L2 : Quartiers desservis : Les Arnavaux, La Cabucelle (quart-échangeur)
  •   4  (La Madrague) D5 (13) : Quartiers desservis : La Madrague, Saint-Louis, Les Arnavaux, Arenc, Les Ports, Gare Maritime
    •  Vitesse : 90 km/h  (sens Fos-Marseille)
  •   5  (Mourepiane) D5 (13) : Quartiers desservis : L'Estaque, La Calade, Les Ports - Porte 4
    •  Vitesse : 90 km/h  (sens Fos-Marseille)
  •   6a  (Saint-André) D4 (13) : Quartiers desservis : Saint-André, Centre Commercial Grand Littoral (demi-échangeur)
  •   6b  (Verduron) D5a (13) : Quartiers desservis : Verduron, Saint-Antoine, Saint-Henri
  •  Tunnel de l'Estaque
  •   Échangeur entre A7 et A55  : Lyon | Avignon | Aéroport de Marseille-Marignane || Aix-en-Provence | Marseille-centre E714
    •  Aires de service : Rebuty (sens Marseille-Fos) ; La Nerthe (sens Fos-Marseille)
  •   7  (Le Rove) D568 (13) : Villes desservies : Marignane, Gignac-la-Nerthe, Le Rove
  •   8  (Châteauneuf-les-Martigues) D9 (13) : Villes desservies : Marignane, Châteauneuf-les-Martigues, Sausset-les-Pins, Carry-le-Rouet
  •   9  (La Mède-Est) D568 (13) : Villes desservies : Châteauneuf-les-Martigues, La Mède
  •   10  (La Mède-Raffineries) D568 (13) : Ville desservie : La Mède
  •   11  (Martigues-Jonquières) D568 (13) : Ville desservie : Martigues
  •   12  (Lavéra) D5 (13) D9 (13) : Villes desservies : Martigues, Lavéra, Z.I Martigues-Sud
    •  Viaduc de Caronte
  •   13  (Martigues-Ferrières) D568 (13) : Villes desservies : Istres, Martigues
    •  Vitesse : 110 km/h  (sens Marseille-Fos)
  •  A55
  •  N568

Pictogrammes utilisés dans la description
	Sortie d'une voie non autoroutière.		Rocade / Périphérique.
	Sortie d'une autoroute ou voie express à péage en service.		Pont.
	Sortie d'une autoroute ou voie express gratuite en service.		Tunnel.
	Sortie en construction.		Aire de repos.
	Sortie fermée.		Aire de service.
	Échangeur entre 2 voies non autoroutières ou non express.		Radar automatique.
	Échangeur entre 2 autoroutes ou voies express à péage en service.		Gare.
	Échangeur entre 2 autoroutes ou voies express gratuites en service.		Aéroport.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute (ou voie express) à péage en service et une autoroute (ou voie express) gratuite en service.		Col.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute (ou voie express) à péage en service et une autoroute (ou voie express) en construction.		Vitesse maximale autorisée.
	Échangeur entre une autoroute (ou voie express) gratuite et une autoroute (ou voie express) en construction.		Pente dangereuse.
	Début d'une autoroute.		Route à double sens.
	Fin d'une autoroute.		Feux tricolores.
	Début d'une voie express.		Carrefour giratoire.
	Fin d'une voie express.		Route prioritaire.
	Créneau de dépassement à 2x2 voies hors voie express.		Route prioritaire ponctuellement.
	Créneau de dépassement à 3 voies.		Limites de départements et/ou de régions.

Aires

Voir l'article : Autoroute française A55 (Aires).

Trafic

• Marseille : 51 000 véhicules par jour en 1991 et 69 560 véhicules par jour en 2003.

Voir aussi

Sites SARA

•  [Saratlas] L'autoroute A55 sur Saratlas

•  [France Autoroutes] Photos de l'autoroute A55 sur France Autoroutes

•  [Autorout.free.fr] Panneaux directionnels de l'autoroute A55 à Marseille

•  [Autorout.free.fr] Panneaux directionnels de l'autoroute A55 de Marseille à Martigues

•  [Forum Sara] Fil du Forum SARA sur l'autoroute A55

Sites externes

•  [ASF] Site de Vinci Autoroutes

•  [DIR Méditerranée] Site de la DIR Méditérranée