Échangeur A14 x A86

Échangeur couvert entre A14 et A86
Localisation
Pays	France
Région	Île-de-France
Département	Hauts-de-Seine (92)
Métropole	Métropole du Grand Paris
Commune	Nanterre
Caractéristiques
Axe	A86
Exploitant	DIR Île-de-France
Calendrier
Période de construction	1994 - 2003
Mise en service	1999 - 2003

Présentation

• L'échangeur couvert entre l'A14 et l'A86 est un système d'échanges type moulin à vent / swirl relativement complexe entre les A14 et A86 à Nanterre, dont la majorité des bretelles sont couvertes. A terme, l'ensemble de l'échangeur doit être couvert.
• Il prolonge naturellement vers le Nord le Tunnel de la Défense (A14), et vers l'Ouest la Tranchée couverte de Nanterre (A86).
• Il a été réalisé en parallèle de la construction de l'A14, en reprenant provisoirement le système d'échanges existant via la D986.
• La couverture des bretelles a été réalisée avec plusieurs maîtres d'ouvrages : en particulier, l’Établissement Public d'Aménagement de la Défense (EPAD, actuel EPADESA) qui a réalisé la couverture des bretelles B1, B2, B3, et B8, et la bretelle B5 provisoire à partir de 1997.
• La suite des travaux est gérée par la DRIEA Île-de-France, et par l'EPADESA pour la zone centrale inclue dans le programme de l'éco-quartier Hoche à Nanterre.
• L'emprise de l'échangeur a été voulue réduite, les bretelles (hors raccordement) s'inscrivent dans un tube de 240 mètres de diamètre, avec des voies réparties sur 4 niveaux différents.

Localisation

Chargement de la carte...

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En bleu clair : l'A14. En violet : l'A86.

Légende de la carte ou du tableau
En bleu	Bretelles B1 et B2 (A14 Est -> A86 Nord et A86 Sud).
En rouge	Bretelles B3 et B4 (A86 Nord -> A14 Est et Ouest).
En orange	Bretelles B5 ("B500") et B6 ("B600") provisoires (A14 Ouest -> A86 Nord et Sud).
En jaune	Bretelle B5 (A14 Ouest -> A86 Nord).
En vert	Bretelles B7 et B8 (A86 Sud -> D986 et A14 Est).
En bleu ciel	Bretelle B7 provisoire (suivi de la D986 entre l'A86 Sud et l'A14 Ouest).
En blanc	Bretelle B7 en projet de très long terme (A86 Sud -> A14 Ouest).
En gris	Vestiges de la bretelle "B350" abandonnée
En gris clair	Bretelle B6 dont le projet a été abandonné (A14 Ouest vers A86 Sud)
Pour plus d'informations sur les sources cartographiques, consulter cet article.
La carte ne s'affiche pas ? Merci d'éditer l'article et de le sauvegarder sans aucune modification.

Historique

• La construction de l'échangeur a fait l'objet d'un phasage très complexe, qui devait maintenir sous circulation les bretelles provisoires existantes via la D986 (avenue de la République et avenue de la Commune de Paris) et l'avenue Hoche.

Dates clefs

• 1990 : Décision de principe que l'EPAD soit maître d'ouvrage pour la couverture de l'échangeur A14 - A86.
• 02 juin 1997 : Signature des marchés de travaux (le groupement d'entreprises Campenon Bernard SGE - GTM Construction a été retenu comme mandataire) par l'EPAD.
• (A compléter)

Mises en service

• xx 10 1998 :
  • Ouverture de la bretelle B8, et de la bretelle provisoire "B600" (B6)
  • Ouverture de la bretelle provisoire "B350" (D986 Nord vers A14 Est, qui sera remplacée par la bretelle B3)
• xx 04 1999 : Rétablissement de l'avenue de la République en ligne droite dans son tracé originel + Bretelle B7
• xx 01 2000 : Ouverture de la bretelle B1
• 29 08 2000 :
  • Couverture de l'A86 au droit de l'échangeur,
  • Mise en service de la bretelle définitive B2,
  • Modification de la bretelle provisoire "B500" (B5) en viaduc pour la raccorder directement sur l'A86
• 07 06 2004 : Mise en service des bretelles définitives B3 et B4
• xx xx 2005 : Fermeture de la bretelle provisoire "B350"
• xx xx 2009 : Rétablissement de l'avenue de la Commune de Paris (partie à l'Est de l'A14)
• xx xx 2011 : Rétablissement de l'avenue de la Commune de Paris (partie à l'Ouest de l'A14, en définitif pour la section rue Ampère - rue Hoche, en provisoire pour la section rue Hoche - échangeur A14)
• 28 08 2020 : Mise en service de la bretelle définitive B5 (échanges A14 Ouest -> A86 Nord) et fin du rétablissement de l'avenue de la Commune de Paris (D986) en ligne droite par dessus l'échangeur (entre le viaduc SNCF et la rue Hoche). Cela permettra de supprimer la bretelle "B500" provisoire en viaduc. Les études avaient débuté en 2010. Le tour de table financier a été bouclé en septembre 2013 : des crédits de 65 M€ ont été alloués, répartis entre l’État, la région Île-de-France, le CD92, l'EPADESA et la Ville de Nanterre. Les travaux avaient démarré en mai 2018 pour une durée de 3 ans.
• (A compléter)

Futur

• La programmation de la réalisation des dernières bretelles définitives, à plus long terme, n'est pas connue mais sera  :
  • Bretelle B6 (pour le flux A14 Ouest -> A86 Sud) permettant de supprimer la bretelle B6 indirecte passant par l'avenue Hoche et la D986). Ce projet, dont les études ont pourtant été réalisées en même temps que celle de la bretelle B5, a été abandonné en 2016 au profit de la couverture de la bretelle B640 actuelle,
  • Bretelle B7 pour le flux A86 Sud -> A14 Ouest.